Religion and Ethics Forum

General Category => General Discussion => Topic started by: Roses on October 24, 2018, 09:43:31 AM

Title: Free Speech
Post by: Roses on October 24, 2018, 09:43:31 AM
I am of the opinion speech should only be free to a point, but not if it is likely to be harmful to other people. Encouraging violence or emotional harm is despicable, and must be stamped down upon. As I said on another thread, the notices, which were common when I was young, stating, 'No blacks here', were disgusting! >:( Should it be acceptable to taunt the disabled or homosexuals, those in favour of free speech, would state it is!

Should one be able to say whatever one likes, or should hate speech be illegal?
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: ad_orientem on October 24, 2018, 10:15:36 AM
It rather depends upon what you mean by hate speech, doesn't it. Would it include merely voicing an opinion? And how do you enforce it  and not only that but fairly and equally?
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Stranger on October 24, 2018, 10:38:55 AM
As I said on another thread, the notices, which were common when I was young, stating, 'No blacks here', were disgusting!

That's discrimination, which is a separate issue to free speech.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Nearly Sane on October 24, 2018, 10:56:20 AM
The wiki entry covers some of the cases that have been dealt with as regards hate speech. Leaving aside the differences in different legal jurisdictions in the UK, it seems fair to say that there isn't necessarily an easily seen consistent position.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hate_speech_laws_in_the_United_Kingdom
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Humph Warden Bennett on October 24, 2018, 11:41:17 AM
I am of the opinion speech should only be free to a point, but not if it is likely to be harmful to other people. Encouraging violence or emotional harm is despicable, and must be stamped down upon. As I said on another thread, the notices, which were common when I was young, stating, 'No blacks here', were disgusting! >:( Should it be acceptable to taunt the disabled or homosexuals, those in favour of free speech, would state it is!

Should one be able to say whatever one likes, or should hate speech be illegal?

What about discrimination against children?
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Roses on October 24, 2018, 12:09:40 PM
What about discrimination against children?

What sort of discrimination do you mean?
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Humph Warden Bennett on October 24, 2018, 12:19:53 PM
What sort of discrimination do you mean?

I would have thought it obvious. Signs that say "No children allowed".
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Harrowby Hall on October 24, 2018, 12:24:33 PM
Like outside strip clubs?
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Humph Warden Bennett on October 24, 2018, 12:31:06 PM
Like outside strip clubs?

No, signs in guest house windows.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Roses on October 24, 2018, 12:43:26 PM
I would have thought it obvious. Signs that say "No children allowed".

I don't see that as discrimination, as some places aren't suitable for children, like some guest houses.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Humph Warden Bennett on October 24, 2018, 12:48:42 PM
I don't see that as discrimination, as some places aren't suitable for children, like some guest houses.

So having made your usual rant about discrimination against blacks, and homosexuals, you are happy for there to be discrimination against children?
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: jeremyp on October 24, 2018, 01:05:26 PM
I am of the opinion speech should only be free to a point, but not if it is likely to be harmful to other people. Encouraging violence or emotional harm is despicable, and must be stamped down upon. As I said on another thread, the notices, which were common when I was young, stating, 'No blacks here', were disgusting! >:( Should it be acceptable to taunt the disabled or homosexuals, those in favour of free speech, would state it is!

Should one be able to say whatever one likes, or should hate speech be illegal?
The problem about hate speech is who gets to define what hate speech is. For example, a Christian in government might decide that it is illegal to write "the Christian god is a psychotic monster" on web sites, because it is hateful to his followers and then you would find yourself in the slammer.

Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Roses on October 25, 2018, 08:40:18 AM
The problem about hate speech is who gets to define what hate speech is. For example, a Christian in government might decide that it is illegal to write "the Christian god is a psychotic monster" on web sites, because it is hateful to his followers and then you would find yourself in the slammer.


The god character in the Bible is a psychotic monster, which is no more credible than the Voldemort character in the Harry Potter books, imo. Stating one's opinion of a character, which in all probability doesn't exist, is very different to saying hateful things about the colour of a person's skin or their sexuality.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: jeremyp on October 27, 2018, 03:00:54 PM

The god character in the Bible is a psychotic monster,
But if a Christian in government decides that saying so is hate speech, you would be in serious trouble.

Quote
Stating one's opinion of a character, which in all probability doesn't exist, is very different to saying hateful things about the colour of a person's skin or their sexuality.
Would it be hate speech to make jokes about the stereotypical miserliness of Scottish people? Or their stereotypical love of everything deep fat fried? Would it be hate speech to call somebody who is opposed to same sex marriage a bigot? Where would you draw the line and how would you justify your line as being the right one?

Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Roses on October 27, 2018, 03:49:28 PM
But if a Christian in government decides that saying so is hate speech, you would be in serious trouble.
Would it be hate speech to make jokes about the stereotypical miserliness of Scottish people? Or their stereotypical love of everything deep fat fried? Would it be hate speech to call somebody who is opposed to same sex marriage a bigot? Where would you draw the line and how would you justify your line as being the right one?


God is a character in a book, there is no evidence it exists. There is evidence those north of the border are actual human beings, as strange as that might sound. Now I had better put on my flak jacket and helmet! ;D
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Sebastian Toe on October 27, 2018, 04:04:38 PM

God is a character in a book, there is no evidence it exists.
That however true it might be, would not stop a government passing laws in it's favour an therefore making your activities illegal.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Roses on October 27, 2018, 04:13:45 PM
That however true it might be, would not stop a government passing laws in it's favour an therefore making your activities illegal.


That is true.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: jeremyp on October 27, 2018, 08:36:04 PM

God is a character in a book, there is no evidence it exists.
That's not the point. The point is a Christian might make it hate speech to say so.

Quote
There is evidence those north of the border are actual human beings, as strange as that might sound. Now I had better put on my flak jacket and helmet! ;D

Of course they are human. Please answer the damn question.

Here's a Scotsman joke (sensitive Scots should look away now):

Quote from: Frankie Boyle
Nobody thought Mel Gibson could play a Scot but look at him now! Alcoholic and a racist!

Should that be hate speech?  Yes or no?

Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: ProfessorDavey on October 27, 2018, 09:08:03 PM
Here's a Scotsman joke (sensitive Scots should look away now):

Should that be hate speech?  Yes or no?
But Frankie Boyle is himself a Scot - so he is taking the piss out of himself and his fellow countrymen. I think it is well established that members of a group who might be subject to hate speech can say things in a self depreciating manner about themselves that we would frown upon or denounce were it so come from others.

So it has become pretty well taboo for anyone to use the N-word ... except for black people. Likewise for certain derogatory terms used for gay people, that are liberally used within the gay community.

So for Frankie Boyle (as a Scot) to make that joke is broadly acceptable, as he is, in effect attacking himself. For a non Scot to do so ... well not so much.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Free Willy on October 27, 2018, 10:34:18 PM
Apparently Frankie Boyle couldn't go on stage once because he ''felt a bit funny''. His manager told him to ''get on quickly before it wore off''
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Gordon on October 27, 2018, 10:42:30 PM
Apparently Frankie Boyle couldn't go on stage once because he ''felt a bit funny''. His manager told him to ''get on quickly before it wore off''

I do hope you blew the dust off that old joke, Vlad, before inflicting it on us deploying it yet again.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: jeremyp on October 28, 2018, 03:37:41 AM
But Frankie Boyle is himself a Scot - so he is taking the piss out of himself and his fellow countrymen. I think it is well established that members of a group who might be subject to hate speech can say things in a self depreciating manner about themselves that we would frown upon or denounce were it so come from others.

So it has become pretty well taboo for anyone to use the N-word ... except for black people. Likewise for certain derogatory terms used for gay people, that are liberally used within the gay community.

So for Frankie Boyle (as a Scot) to make that joke is broadly acceptable, as he is, in effect attacking himself. For a non Scot to do so ... well not so much.
If I, an Englishman, said it, would it be hate speech? Should I go to jail for it?
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: ProfessorDavey on October 28, 2018, 09:38:00 AM
If I, an Englishman, said it, would it be hate speech? Should I go to jail for it?
I thought hate crimes were linked to protected characteristics.

I'm struggling to see which protected characteristic being Scottish comes under.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: jeremyp on October 28, 2018, 09:50:13 AM
I thought hate crimes were linked to protected characteristics.

I'm struggling to see which protected characteristic being Scottish comes under.
Somebody could quite easily decide that, as Scots are a minority of people in the UK, being Scottish could become a protected characteristic.

You seem to be getting hung up on the details. Should I be put in jail if I merely insult the members of a protected group?
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: ProfessorDavey on October 28, 2018, 10:13:33 AM
You seem to be getting hung up on the details. Should I be put in jail if I merely insult the members of a protected group?
It would depend entirely on the context and nature of the insult, but would have to be very severe and threatening for you to end up in jail.

That doesn't mean that more minor insults can be made with impunity - there are potential actions and sanctions for lesser 'offenses', including disciplinary action in the work place. So you might not get thrown in jail if you opined that black people are all lazy, but you might lose your job.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: jeremyp on October 28, 2018, 11:08:42 AM
It would depend entirely on the context and nature of the insult, but would have to be very severe and threatening for you to end up in jail.
So it would have to involve incitement to commit violence?

Quote
That doesn't mean that more minor insults can be made with impunity - there are potential actions and sanctions for lesser 'offenses', including disciplinary action in the work place. So you might not get thrown in jail if you opined that black people are all lazy, but you might lose your job.
Where do we draw the line? Who gets to draw the line? Me? You? Little Roses? Vlad?
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: ProfessorDavey on October 28, 2018, 11:28:35 AM
So it would have to involve incitement to commit violence?
Not all threats are threats of violence.

Where do we draw the line? Who gets to draw the line? Me? You? Little Roses? Vlad?
No - the judicial system gets to decide. Clearly this is the case where there is an allegation of a criminal or civil offence. But even if this is in a professional context, for example being dismissed from your job following a disciplinary hearing (which would itself need to adhere to legal principles) then you can take your case to the tribunal system, which is past of the legal courts system.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Roses on October 28, 2018, 11:31:43 AM
So it would have to involve incitement to commit violence?
Where do we draw the line? Who gets to draw the line? Me? You? Little Roses? Vlad?

Me of course.  :D


The line should be drawn where hate speech against other humans, who have done no harm, has caused emotional or physical harm.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: jeremyp on October 29, 2018, 02:17:27 PM
Not all threats are threats of violence.
No - the judicial system gets to decide.
The judicial system does not create the law. The judicial system only determines who has broken the law or not. If the government decides that calling the reputation of Mohammed into question is hate speech, and somebody claims Mohammed was a pedophile because he had sex with a nine year old, the court wouldn't be able to say that's not hate speech.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: ProfessorDavey on October 29, 2018, 03:09:29 PM
The judicial system does not create the law. The judicial system only determines who has broken the law or not.
The courts interpret the law in a case by case basis and in doing so often also create law - so called common law or case law, which is distinct from statutory law, which is defined by government.

If the government decides that calling the reputation of Mohammed into question is hate speech, and somebody claims Mohammed was a pedophile because he had sex with a nine year old, the court wouldn't be able to say that's not hate speech.
But the Government is very, very unlikely to do this - statutes tend to be broad in their drafting, so the government could determine that attacking a religion is hate speech, however it is very unlikely there would be a specific section referring to the example you cite within that Bill or Act - it simply isn't how statutory law works.

Hence the role of the courts. Within a framework of the broadly written statute the courts might interpret the statutory law as being that the example you cited was unlawful. If that judgement fulfilled to criteria for common or case law, then via the courts the law would be altered as you suggest, until or unless another case created a new and different precedence or government changed to overarching statute.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Nearly Sane on October 29, 2018, 03:23:42 PM
The courts interpret the law in a case by case basis and in doing so often also create law - so called common law or case law, which is distinct from statutory law, which is defined by government.
But the Government is very, very unlikely to do this - statutes tend to be broad in their drafting, so the government could determine that attacking a religion is hate speech, however it is very unlikely there would be a specific section referring to the example you cite within that Bill or Act - it simply isn't how statutory law works.

Hence the role of the courts. Within a framework of the broadly written statute the courts might interpret the statutory law as being that the example you cited was unlawful. If that judgement fulfilled to criteria for common or case law, then via the courts the law would be altered as you suggest, until or unless another case created a new and different precedence or government changed to overarching statute.
I think you have to be careful about conflating the term common law within a statutory framework with its wider and more common sense covering law derived from cases. English law derived generally as a common law process as opposed to codified law but the way it evolves now isn't that different from a codified approach. We can have the discussion about strict interpretation but that itself is an acceptance that what we referred to as common law no longer except in specific rare cases applies
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: ProfessorDavey on October 29, 2018, 03:33:42 PM
I think you have to be careful about conflating the term common law within a statutory framework with its wider and more common sense covering law derived from cases. English law derived generally as a common law process as opposed to codified law but the way it evolves now isn't that different from a codified approach. We can have the discussion about strict interpretation but that itself is an acceptance that what we referred to as common law no longer except in specific rare cases applies
That's true - but the point remains that the courts, whether via specific case law provision outside of specific statute, or through interpretation of statute creates law.

There are many examples where a case law interpretation is key in determining how statutory law operates in practice. And this is one of the reasons why people (and often campaigning organisations) bring so-called test cases. The point being an attempt to shape the law via the test case in a favourable manner to their position. There are some significant examples over the recent years linked to equalities legislation.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Nearly Sane on October 29, 2018, 03:45:29 PM
That's true - but the point remains that the courts, whether via specific case law provision outside of specific statute, or through interpretation of statute creates law.

There are many examples where a case law interpretation is key in determining how statutory law operates in practice. And this is one of the reasons why people (and often campaigning organisations) bring so-called test cases. The point being an attempt to shape the law via the test case in a favourable manner to their position. There are some significant examples over the recent years linked to equalities legislation.
Which is effectively irrelevant to your use of common law here. It's true of all forms of codified law, that case law has an effect. Even a strict interpretation viewpoint is one that actually interprets statements.

Now, I would agree completely, that the idea that jeremyp is touting that judicial decisions don't create law in that sense is absolutely wrong, since that argues that codification in any sense is absolute, and even in the most codified legal approaches, that's just wrong.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: ProfessorDavey on October 29, 2018, 03:50:34 PM
Which is effectively irrelevant to your use of common law here. It's true of all forms of codified law, that case law has an effect. Even a strict interpretation viewpoint is one that actually interprets statements.
I don't think we are arguing against each other - there is more than one way in which the courts evolve or create law via their judgements. I think we both agree on that.

Now, I would agree completely, that the idea that jeremyp is touting that judicial decisions don't create law in that sense is absolutely wrong, since that argues that codification in any sense is absolute, and even in the most codified legal approaches, that's just wrong.
Which was my main point - he seemed to be implying that the law was created purely by parliament - that isn't true, even for statutory law - the interpretation of which by the courts is often as least as important in creating the law as the original statute.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: Nearly Sane on October 29, 2018, 03:59:13 PM
I don't think we are arguing against each other - there is more than one way in which the courts evolve or create law via their judgements. I think we both agree on that.
Which was my main point - he seemed to be implying that the law was created purely by parliament - that isn't true, even for statutory law - the interpretation of which by the courts is often as least as important in creating the law as the original statute.
Pretty much. My issue is that common law is a very specific term. Case law is different. There was a time English law was common law based, It to almost any standard isn't now.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: jeremyp on October 29, 2018, 07:17:35 PM
The courts interpret the law in a case by case basis and in doing so often also create law - so called common law or case law, which is distinct from statutory law, which is defined by government.
Indeed, but since we are not talking about either of those, I'm not sure why you would bring them up. 

Quote
But the Government is very, very unlikely to do this - statutes tend to be broad in their drafting, so the government could determine that attacking a religion is hate speech, however it is very unlikely there would be a specific section referring to the example you cite within that Bill or Act - it simply isn't how statutory law works.
Do you think you are making it better? You are claiming (wrongly I think) that the government would frame the law to allow the judiciary the attitude to decide what it means. At least the government is elected, if the judiciary makes the law, you are trusting to the whims of individual judges. That means my question "who draws the line?" still stands. In fact, you've made it worse.

A law that is drafted in such a way that you can't tell whether you have broken it or not until you are in front of the judge really really sucks.
Title: Re: Free Speech
Post by: ProfessorDavey on October 29, 2018, 09:08:46 PM
A law that is drafted in such a way that you can't tell whether you have broken it or not until you are in front of the judge really really sucks.
Happens all the time - hence the notion of layers of appeal and that only the highest courts can establish case law.

The drafting of statute cannot take account of all individual situations that arise in specific cases - hence the need for the courts to interpret the law on a case by case basis, and sometimes to clarify the law for future cases under case law.